"....and in such inferior courts as the Congress may from time to time ordain and establish." So what's the problem? Congress can't establish a fair system of FEDERAL legislative districts? You still have no cogent argument here, neither in terms of Art. 3 or the later amendments on enfranchisement. Since districting that nullifies votes of certain defined groups has been identified as unconstitutional, the burden of the argument falls on you to show the problem with a clear remedy that flows from constitutional law.
Oily, you are not the first to get Articles (they came first) and Amendments crossed. The amendments, as their name suggests, have to amend something pre-existing.
(also don't, as i did once, confuse the Articles with the articles of confederation, which predated the Constitution)